Name: IVNE FRANCO PIRES
Publication date: 21/03/2019
Examining board:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| FÁBIO LUIZ PARTELLI | Co advisor * |
Summary: PIRES, Ivne Franco; M.Sc.; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; March 2019;
Attributes of soil and nutrients in Conilon coffee leaves on the Espírito Santo
Coastal Tableland; Advisor: Ademir Fontana, Co-advisor: Fábio Luiz Partelli.
Coffee cultivation is one of the activities of great profitability in Espírito Santo and with
extensive occupation of the Coastal Tablelands, whose geomorphological unit includes
soils with low levels of nutrients and cohesive subsurface horizons. In view of the
above, the objective of this work was to provide a diagnosis of the physical and
chemical attributes of the soil and nutritional status of the leaves of the Conilon coffee
tree in Oxisols and Yellow Argisols in Coastal Trap environments of the northern region
of Espírito Santo, relating the methods of soil and leaf analysis with non-destructive
techniques such as X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The samples were collected in
the municipalities of São Mateus, Jaguaré, Boa Esperança, Pinheiros, Conceição da
Barra and Montanha. Soil physical analyzes were performed to determine the grain
size composition, soil density, particle density and total porosity. In the soil chemical
analyzes the active acidity (Al3+), Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, potential acidity (H+Al), SB, V, CTC,
pH in water, Mehlich-1 phosphorus, organic carbon, organic matter, nitrogen and
micronutrients (Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+). Macronutrients and micronutrients were
determined on leaves. The soil fertility and leaf nutrition were diagnosed, identifying
the deficit elements, comparing them with reference coffee crops in studies conductedix
in the State of Espírito Santo. Leaf and soil chemical analyzes were also performed
using a non-destructive technique based on X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using
portable equipment, using two calibration methods from the factory: Soil and
Geochem. Pearson's linear correlation and Student's t test methods were analyzed.
Regarding the physical attributes of the soil, most of the crops present density of 1.43
g cm-3 and loamy-clayey texture. Regarding routine chemical analyzes, the values of
OM, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al and (H+Al) were classified with low levels in the soil, excess P
and other attributes at medium levels. In the leaf analyzes the N, P, K, Mg, Cu, Fe and
Zn levels were classified as low levels in the plants, Ca presents high levels, only the
Mn content is at an adequate level. There is no tendency to increase the nutrient
content in the leaves with the increase of the same in the soil, indicating that there is
no direct relation. When compared to reference crops, most of the soil elements,
except for P, Ca and Zn, are at lower levels and all leaf elements are at lower levels,
with emphasis on Fe and Mn. As for the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analyzes,
the soil nutrient values found in the pXRF analysis were underestimated when
compared to the certified values, all with low recovery rates. In the leaf analysis, the
calibration methods presented values that were overestimated in relation to the values
obtained by the routine chemical analysis, the smallest difference was for K in the "Soil"
method and higher for the P in "Geochem", WHERE Soil "Presents values closer to the
traditional method. There is a statistical difference between the conventional leaf
analysis method and the X-ray fluorescence methods by the 5% probability t test and
the correlations between the nutrient levels in the methods used are significant,
indicating the potential use of the tool.
Keywords: Coffee cultivation, analysis techniques, soil fertility, plant nutrition.
