Name: JUAN RICARDO ROCHA
Publication date: 25/02/2019
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| IVONEY GONTIJO | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| FÁBIO LUIZ PARTELLI | Internal Examiner * |
| IVONEY GONTIJO | Advisor * |
Summary: Espírito Santo stands out in the national scene as one of the country's largest peppercorn producers. Where, frequently, the exposed soil is observed, in which the inadequate management of weed control compromises the sustainability of the activity. This management predisposes soil to water erosion, degradation and decrease of the organic matter content and, consequently, crop productivity. The use of green manuring has proved to be efficient as a way of achieving sustainability in the agricultural system, when used in the interweaving of perennial crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of different species used as cover crops in the black pepper crop to modify soil physical properties in soil conditions in the northern region of Espírito Santo. The research was developed in a commercial pepper field, installed in the year 2014, with spacing 3.0 x 2.0 m, in São Mateus-ES. The project was installed in October 2017, with the sowing of the cover plants, in DBC, with four species of cover crops and one control without cover crop cultivation, with four replications. Crotalaria, pigeon pea, millet and Brachiaria ruziziensis were used as covering plants. Data on the dry and fresh mass, pepper plants, soil physical analysis (Ds; VTP, macropores, micropores, CC, PMP, soil available water) were evaluated. All analyzes were carried out in the two cycles of the cover plants. The leaves were harvested from 30 plants, in normal development, to analyze the leaf nutrient content and evaluated the soil chemical attributes (pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, H + Al, MO, Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, SB, V, m, T, t). The results were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and the means were compared by the Tukey test (p <0.05). The brachiaria in the line of the pepper of the kingdom provided improvements in the stability of aggregates and independent of the adopted management, the productivity was not altered. The cultivation of brachiaria for two consecutive years provided a greater absorption of phosphorus and copper by the pepper plants of the kingdom. The cultivation of cover crops increased the uptake of Ca by the crop, becoming an important conservationist practice. The values of calcium, organic matter, iron, copper and manganese obtained a significant increase in the soil submitted to cover plants. Experiment 2 was conducted on a young peppermint crop, installed in the year 2014. The project was installed in October 2017 in DBC with Crotalaria and pigeon pea and fallow area and five doses of nitrogen in the form of urea (0, 60, 120, 240 and 480 kg ha-1 year-1), with three replicates. Urea was applied in four installments during the rainy season. Data on dry mass and fresh mass of cover crops as well as yield of pepper plants were evaluated. the productivity of the pepper plants was quantified and the dry and fresh mass of the legumes evaluated. Crotalaria and pigeon pea presented different behaviors when associated with N doses in soil for black pepper. Crotalaria allowed higher productivity levels for black pepper
